A286 stainless steel is a precipitation-hardened, iron-based superalloy known for its high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and exceptional performance at elevated temperatures. This alloy is widely used in aerospace, automotive, and industrial applications, where strength, oxidation resistance, and stability under extreme conditions are essential.
Due to its excellent mechanical properties and good formability, A286 stainless steel is commonly used for turbine components, fasteners, springs, and high-temperature structural parts. This article explores the composition, properties, advantages, applications, and manufacturing considerations of A286 stainless steel.
Chemical Composition of A286 Stainless Steel
A286 stainless steel is an iron-based austenitic alloy that contains a carefully balanced mix of nickel, chromium, titanium, molybdenum, and vanadium.
Elemental Composition
| Element | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
| Nickel (Ni) | 24.0 – 27.0 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 13.5 – 16.0 |
| Titanium (Ti) | 1.90 – 2.35 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 1.00 – 1.50 |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.10 – 0.50 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.00 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 1.00 |
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.08 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.025 |
| Aluminum (Al) | ≤ 0.35 |
| Boron (B) | 0.003 – 0.010 |
This composition provides excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and superior mechanical strength.
Key Properties of A286 Stainless Steel
A286 stainless steel is well known for its excellent mechanical, thermal, and corrosion-resistant properties.
Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 930 MPa – 1,350 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 380 MPa – 1,100 MPa |
| Elongation | 15% – 25% |
| Hardness | Rockwell C35 max |
| Density | 7.93 g/cm³ |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 200 GPa |
Thermal Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Thermal Conductivity | 15 W/m·K |
| Melting Point | 1,340 – 1,400°C |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 14.8 µm/m·°C |
These properties make A286 ideal for high-temperature applications where strength, oxidation resistance, and durability are required.
Advantages of A286 Stainless Steel
High-Temperature Strength
- Maintains excellent mechanical properties at temperatures up to 700°C (1292°F).
- Suitable for turbine blades, exhaust systems, and high-heat environments.
Excellent Corrosion and Oxidation Resistance
- Provides resistance to oxidation and scaling in hot environments.
- Performs well in marine, chemical, and acidic environments.
Precipitation-Hardening Capabilities
- A286 can undergo heat treatment to improve strength and hardness.
- Age-hardening process enhances mechanical properties without sacrificing toughness.
Good Formability and Weldability
- Can be easily fabricated into different shapes and sizes.
- Welds well using standard methods, including TIG and MIG welding.
High Creep Resistance
- A286 stainless steel has superior resistance to creep deformation under high stress and temperature.
- Used in aircraft engines, power plants, and high-temperature fasteners.
Applications of A286 Stainless Steel
A286 stainless steel is widely used in industries that demand high strength, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability.
Aerospace Industry
- Jet engine components (turbine blades, afterburners, exhaust nozzles).
- Aircraft fasteners and landing gear parts.
Automotive Industry
- Turbocharger components and exhaust manifolds.
- High-performance engine parts requiring heat and corrosion resistance.
Oil and Gas Industry
- Drilling equipment and downhole components.
- Piping and valves exposed to harsh environments.
Power Generation
- Steam turbine components.
- Fasteners for high-temperature environments.
Chemical Processing Industry
- Heat exchangers and pressure vessels.
- Corrosion-resistant piping and reactor components.
Heat Treatment of A286 Stainless Steel
Heat treatment is used to enhance the mechanical properties of A286 stainless steel.
Common Heat Treatment Processes
- Solution Annealing: Heated to 980-1010°C (1800-1850°F), then rapidly cooled.
- Aging Treatment: Heated to 700-900°C (1300-1650°F) to develop precipitation hardening.
- Cold Working & Aging: Cold working followed by aging improves strength and hardness.
Heat-treated A286 exhibits higher strength and improved creep resistance, making it ideal for aerospace and high-temperature applications.
Machining and Welding Considerations
Machining
- A286 is tough and work-hardens quickly, requiring carbide or cobalt cutting tools.
- Low cutting speeds and high feed rates are recommended to minimize heat buildup.
Welding
- Can be welded using TIG, MIG, and resistance welding methods.
- Requires post-weld heat treatment to maintain strength and corrosion resistance.
Proper machining and welding techniques ensure the best performance and longevity of A286 components.
Comparison of A286 Stainless Steel with Other Alloys
| Alloy | Strength | Corrosion Resistance | Temperature Resistance | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A286 | High | Excellent | Up to 700°C | Aerospace, Automotive, Power |
| 304 Stainless Steel | Moderate | Good | Up to 870°C | Food, Medical, Construction |
| 316 Stainless Steel | Moderate | Excellent (Marine) | Up to 870°C | Marine, Chemical, Medical |
| Inconel 718 | Very High | Excellent | Up to 980°C | Jet Engines, Turbines |
| Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) | High | Excellent | Up to 600°C | Aerospace, Medical |
- A286 is stronger than 304 and 316 stainless steel, making it better for high-temperature and high-stress applications.
- Inconel 718 offers higher temperature resistance, but is more expensive than A286.
Conclusion
A286 stainless steel is a versatile, high-strength, and corrosion-resistant alloy with excellent performance in aerospace, automotive, power generation, and chemical processing industries.
Key Takeaways
✔ Excellent strength and oxidation resistance at high temperatures.
✔ Good formability, weldability, and precipitation-hardening capabilities.
✔ Ideal for demanding applications in aerospace, automotive, and industrial sectors.
✔ Long service life and reliability in extreme environments.
With its unique combination of mechanical and thermal properties, A286 continues to be a preferred material for high-performance engineering applications.
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Comment (1)
Could you please send me a quote for AMS 5732 44.45 mm diameter 500 mm long (solution treated and aged)?